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Relative clauses 1: clauses with who/that/which

This lesson explains the use of relative clauses in English, focusing on the correct usage of "who," "that," and "which." Learn how to identify and use these relative pronouns to create more precise sentences. Perfect for ESL students and anyone looking to improve their grammar skills with practical examples and clear explanations.

📖 B1-B2 Grammar2 min read

Lesson Overview

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Core Formula

Formula

Subject + Verb + Object (adjust form for tense and meaning)

Example

"Sentence structure • Relative pronouns • Defining clauses"

Learn the rule, then make 3 personal examples. Say them aloud to improve fluency, confidence, and accuracy.

Useful Focus Points

Skill

What to check

Accuracy

Use the correct form and sentence order.

Meaning

Choose words/structures that match your intention.

Fluency

Practice short spoken examples daily.

Topic focus

Relative clauses • Who • that

Precision Builder

Micro-goal

Apply it now

Spot the pattern

Identify where "Sentence structure" appears in one sentence you read today.

Upgrade one sentence

Rewrite a basic sentence using "Relative pronouns" more clearly.

Sound natural

Say one sentence aloud using "Defining clauses" with smooth rhythm.

Context Upgrade

Context

Model sentence

Work/Study

In this lesson, I use Sentence structure to communicate ideas clearly.

Daily life

I apply Relative pronouns when I describe routines and plans.

Exam/Interview

Using Defining clauses correctly helps me sound accurate and confident.

Common Mistakes

Common mistake

Better version

Using the wrong verb form or word order.

Check subject-verb agreement and sentence structure.

Translating directly from your first language.

Use the target grammar pattern used by native speakers.

Only reading rules, not practicing speaking.

Create and speak 3 short real-life sentences.

High-Impact Checklist

Before you finish

Check

Verb form

Did I choose the correct tense/modal/verb form?

Word order

Is my sentence order clear and natural?

Meaning match

Does the structure express exactly what I intend?

Fluency

Can I say it naturally without pausing too much?

Real-life Use

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Real-Life Situation

Professional communication

Context

Use this grammar pattern in emails, meetings, and presentations.

Grammar Clarification

Clear grammar improves credibility and helps people understand you quickly.

Pronunciation Tip

Read your example sentences aloud to build natural rhythm and confidence.

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Real-Life Situation

Daily conversation

Context

Use the same pattern when talking about routine life, plans, and experiences.

Grammar Clarification

Frequent use in short conversations helps the structure become automatic.

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Real-Life Situation

Independent practice

Context

Create 3 original sentences: one for work/study, one for home, one for future plans.

Grammar Clarification

Self-generated examples build long-term grammar control faster than passive reading.

Practice Quiz - 8 Questions

Practice Quiz

1 / 8

The book ____ I borrowed from you is really interesting.

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Now Put It Into Practice - Out Loud

Reading grammar is step one. Saying it fluently is step two. Cambridge Veritas AI analyses your speaking in real time.

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